Color chart



N. A. ROSS COLOR CHART Sept. 16, 1924.

Original Filed Sept. 16. 1919 2 Sheets-Sheet l Sept. 16 1924.

N. A. ROSS COLOR CHART l wow/nto@ Passau sept. is, 1era UNITED STATES NORTON A.. ItOliSS, 0l? CLIElVlFlLAlillJ, Ult-Htl,

GULR

Application led September 16, 191.9, Serial No. 3a/M38.

To all whom t may' concern:

y Be it lrnown that I, Neuron A.. Ross, a citizen of the United States, residing at Cleveland.j in the county of Cuyahoga and State el Ohio, have invented certain new and uset'ul lmprovements in and Relating to Color Charta of which the following; is a specification.

` The invention relates to color charts which are especially adapted 'for use in, connection with color substances, such paints.

The chiel object of the invention is the provision ol a set ol color charts by means of which the selection and use ot certain improved color substances originated by me can be greatly facilitated.

To permit of a clear understandina oit my improved charts I will brieily explain the nature of the color substances with which the color charts; aroused. The invention is paru ticularly applicableto ready-mined paints including enamels, and ttor purposes of" en planation and illustration, will be set forth in that connection. l

For the sake of clea-rness in` the descripA tion which follows., the color 'terminology employed will be in accordance with the tot lowingv accepted scientiiic definitions: y

l. By hue is meant the dominating;` wave length of the color.

2. By value, or strength., or intensity.. or luminosity, or brightness, is meant the wave amplitude of the color.

3. y chroma orpurity is meant lireedom from admixture of wave. lengths other than those constituting the dominatin hue ol" the color. y

My invention .is based primarily uponthe discovery, made in connection with the readymixed paint trade, that oi the relatively large number ot colors demanded by the consumer., a distinct' minority meet the major part of the demand and that the colors constituting this minority are characterized by their relatively great brightness and purity, while on vthe other hand.` the colors making up the larger or majority pfioup are Char-- acterized by comparatively lower brightness and chroma qualities. This relation between the demands ot color users and the nature of the colors is apparently based on the inherent colorl sense otthe average user, the brighter and purer colors being demanded tor the majority of uses in preference to Renewed. August 18, 1.92/1'.

those oit lower brightness and chioma qualities.

ln order to take advantage o the relation referred to, l provide a series or relatively pure bright paints, which l hereinafter refer to as primary paints adapted to meet the bullr of the trade demand and having such characterieticsj physical and chemical, as to adapt them :for interniixtiu'e in subgroups in dclinite proportions to produce a larger series oct paints having lower brightness and purity or chroma values? which l hereinafter refer to as primary paints and which respend to the major part oit the remainder of the demand oli' the trade. With these two series of paints, it is necessary l'or the paint manufacturer to produce and for the distriliiutor to carry in stoclr only those of the smaller series or group. the paints ol' the larger group being produced by the simple adminture ot certain oft the paints or the smaller group. lin order that the paints ot the larger or secondary group may be produced from the primary paints ott the smaller {gjronp as easily as possible by the consumer, l prefer that the relations ot the colors of the two groups and of the physical and chemical `charaeteristics ot the paints oi the smaller or primary groin?a shall be such that each of the secondary paints can be produced by the admixture oi a plurality olf the primary paints in equal amounts and, to malte the process simple as possiblea l prefer that each secondary paint be produced by the admirture of two oit the pri mary paints in equal amounts.

ln cauoryinp,- out my invention7 l proceed as `follows: 'llalrinn the colors which by experience are :found to be demanded by the paint trade. l divide them into the two groups above referred to, one et which com prises a relatively small number of colors representing2, the `major part of the trade demand and characterized by comparatively high chroma and brightness values while the other group comprises: a larger number olf colors .representing the major part oi the remainder ot the trade demand and having lower chroma and brinhtness valuesi In practice l lind .that the trade demand is almost completely met by eighty colors supplemented by white and of this number fit teen oit the colors and white tall in the smaller Oroup of primary Colors while the other sixty-ve constitutel the larger group.

I next prepare a series of paints having colors corresponding lto the colors of the small groupand having physical and chemical characteristics adapting them to mix Without deleterious chemical reaction in. certain subgroups, preferably in pairs, in uniform proportions,preferably equal proportions, to form in each case a paint having a color substantially the same as one of the colors of said larger group. And thereafter as need requires, the primary paints of the smaller group are mixed in the manne-r specified to produce the secondary paint-s of the larger group. i

In the distribution of paints prepared as above described the dealer and user are provided Withthe special color charts to Wh ich the present invention more especially relates and preferred forms of which are shown in the accompanying drawings.

In the drawings, Fig. 1 represents a chart having a series of -rectangular color panels corresponding to the primary paints of my system.

Fig. 2 represents another chart having a largerseries of rectangular color panels corresponding to the secondary paints of my system. i

The paints represented by the small group of panels in Fig. 1 are the ones produced by the manufacturer and carried in stock by the dealer, While the paints represented by the larger group of color panels are produced by mixing the proper primary paints. To facilitate the production of the secondary paints by the user or the distributor, I designate each of the primary paints by some lsymbol or identifying mark, preferably by a number as indicated in Fig. 1 of the drawing. Then each of the secondary colors is designated as shown in Fig. 2 by a legend made up of the symbols of those primary paints which When mixed in equal proportions produce said secondary paint.

Thus, if a purchaser selects paints from the secondary group, it is a very simple matter for the dealer to determine from. the charts the necessary primary paints for the production of the secondary paints selected, and also a very simple matter for the purchaser on reference to the charts to mix the primary paints for the production of the secondary paints When the latter are required for use.

The charts can be prepared in any suitable manner, but I prefer to make the individual panels of painted or otherwise colored paper or the like and attach them to the card, sheet, board or the like Which forms the body of the chart. Obviously each of the groups of colors can be put on a. single card or on a plurality of cards, as may be desired. It Will be obvious, too, that other variations ofthe charts as shown in the drawings can be made Within the scope of the appended claims.

Paints of the character herein referred to, and the method of making them, are described and claimed in my co-pending application Serial No. 468,116, filed May 9th, 1921.

lVhat I claim as my invention is:

1. rl-he combination of color charts comprising a chart bearing a series of colored panels representing by their colors a series of primary color paints certain of which are combinable with each other to produce secondary paints having distinctive colors, said chart having identifying marks associated With said colored panels, and another chart bearing a series of colored panels representing by their colors the aforesaid secondary paints, the last named chart having associated with each of its colored panels a corresponding legend indicating by the use of said identifying marks the primary paints that are combinable to produce the secondary paint in question.

2. The combination of color charts comprising a chart bearing a series of colored panels representing by their colors a series of priniiary color paints certain of which are combinable in equal proportions with each other to produce secondary paints having distinctive colors, said chart having identifying marks associated With said colored panels, and another chart bearing a series of colored panels representing by their colors the aforesaid secondary paints, the last named chart having associated with each of its colored panels a. corresponding legend indicating by the use of said identifying marks the primary paints that are combinable in equal proportions as aforesaid to produce the secondary paint in question.

3. The combination of color charts comprising a chart bearing a series of' colored panels representing by their colors a series of primary color paints certain pairs of which are combinable With each other to produce secondary paints having distinctive colors, said chart having identifying marks associated with said colored panels, and another chart bearing a series of colored panels representing by their colors the aforesaid secondary paints, thc last named chart having associated with each of its colored panels a corresponding legend indicating by the use of said identifying marks the two primary paints combinable to produce the secondary paint in question.

4. The combination of color charts comprising a chart bearing a series of colored panels representing by their colors a series of primary color paints certain pairs of Which are combinable in equal volumes with each other to produce secondary paints having distinctive colors, said chart having identifying marks associated with said colored panels, and another chart bearing o series of oolorod panels representing by their colors the arlforesad secondary peints, the lest named chart having associated with @m11 of its colored panels e corresponding egend 4indioafng by the use of said de11t- 'ying marks the two primary paints combillable in equal volumes as aforesaid to produce the seoondefy paint n question. l0

11n testimony whereof I affix my signature, in the presence of two Witnesses.

NORTON A. ROSS- /Vtnesses JOSEPH K. RAMEN, J. B. GNm'n 

